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Lung cancer is the primary cause of
cancer related death among men and
is the second major cancer related
death in women. Even with treatment
the survival rate after five years
is only about 14%.
There are essentially two different
types of lung cancers:
Small cell lung carcinoma
non-small cell lung carcinoma
The difference in the two cancers is
important since it influences the
type of treatment that a patient
must undergo. Small cell lung
carcinoma is usually treated with
chemotherapy while non-small cell
carcinomas are treated via surgery.
The causes of lung cancer vary but
it is common knowledge today that
smoking is the biggest single cause,
accounting for bout 90% of the
cases.
Symptoms
The common signs of lung cancer are
shortness of breath, weight loss and
coughing - which may or may not
contain blood.
Diagnosis
Lung cancer is usually detected on a
chest x-ray and using computed
tomography (also known as a CT
scan). Suspected growths are removed
using a bronchoscope and then tested
(biopsy).
Treatment
As previously indicated treatment
depends on the type of carcinoma.
The doctor will also take into
account the stage of the cancer as
well as the patient's well being.
The later criteria is known in
medicine as "performance status" and
is measured using any one of a
number of scoring systems.
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