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The Retinoblastoma tumor
develops from the immature retina
and affects about 1 in 20,000
children. There are two basic types
of retinoblastomas:
Heredity forms: usually results in
tumors in both eyes
Non-heredity forms: usually affects
one eye.
Left untreated retinoblastoma is
usually always fatal. However, early
diagnosis and treatment increases
the chance of survival to 90%.
Diagnosis:
Screening by Pediatricians should be
done during the first three months
of a baby's life. At a minimum the
doctor should conduct the following:
- The Red Reflex: A test that
determines the normal path of
light relfected from the eye as
light passes through.
- The Corneal Light Reflex: A
test that helps determine if
eyes are crossed. Light is
shined into each cornea and a
symmetrical beam of light is
reflected back in the same spot
on each eye.
- An Eye Examination: to check
for any basic structural
abnormalities.
At the age between 3 and 5, the
child should be evaluated for the
following:
- visual acuity,
- color vision and
- depth perception.
Treatment:
There are several methods of
treatment that are successful for
Retinoblastoma:
Laser therapy: used to reduce the
blood flow to the tumor by
destroying the blood vessels
surrounding the tumor
Cryotherapy: Cold gas is injected
to shrink the tumor.
Thermotherapy: Heat is added to
destroy the tumor cells.
Radiotherapy: A last resort
method that destroys the tumor cells
but also has the drawback of
destroying healthy tissue.
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